⼀般现在时表过去的⽤法
1.⽤于某些动词表⽰不确定的过去时间
⽤于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表⽰不确定的过去时间。如:
John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。
I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个⽉结婚了。
Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这⼉来的。
It really gets me when he says those stupid things. 他说那些傻话真让我⽣⽓。
2. ⽤于⽣动地描述过去的故事或经历
当给⼈讲故事或叙述⾃⼰亲⾝经历的事情时,虽然有些事已成为过去,往往也使⽤现在时,以使叙述显得⽣动有趣。如:
Then the man in the mask pulls a revolverout of his pocket and raises it. I put up my hands. Then suddenly the man
raises the mask and I see my best friend! It all was a joke. 随后那个戴假⾯具的⼈从⼝袋⾥掏出左轮*,举了起来。我举起了双⼿。这时那个⼈突然掀开了假⾯具,他原来是我的朋友。他是在跟我开玩笑哩。
3. ⽤于表⽰死者的⾔⾏
现在⼀般时可以表死者的动作或状态,如果死者的理论、著作仍旧存在并仍有影响的话,如:
Marx says that a foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. 马克思说外国语是⼈⽣⽃争的武器。
Darwin thinks that natural select ion is the chief factor in the development of species. 达尔⽂认为⾃然淘汰是物种发展中的主要因素。
当死者(多指死后不久者)的动作与现在直接有关时,亦可⽤现在⼀般时,如:
He leaves a wife and two children. 他留下了⼀个妻⼦和两个孩⼦。 (he 刚死去)
⼈虽死但物犹在时,亦可⽤现在⼀般时,如:
In that letter she tells why she was up there. 在那封信⾥,她告诉我为什么她要上那⼉去。 (she已死,但信犹在)
This memorial is placed hereby his friends and neighbours in testimony of respect, affection and gratitude. 这个纪念碑是他的朋友与邻居树⽴在此的,以表尊敬、爱戴和感激之意。 (他和他的朋友与邻居早已死去,但纪念碑仍在)
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