国际贸易术语解释通则之CFR(中英对照)

COST AND FREIGHT 成本加运费

CFR (insert named port of destination) Incoterms 2010 成本加运费（…指定目的港） GUIDANCE NOTE 序言

This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. “Cost and Freight” means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel.

该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。“Cost and Freight”是指当卖方将货物运至船上或取得已按此送交的货物，即完成交货。当货物已运至船上时，货物灭失或损坏的风险发生转移。

The seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.

卖方还必须订立货物运至指定目的港的合同并支付成本和运费。

When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier in the manner specified in the chosen rule and not when the goods reach the place of destination.

当使用CPT, CIP, CFR 或 CIF等术语时，卖方承担其将货物按照所选规则指定的方式交付承运人前所有风险和费用，而当货物运至指定目的地后，由买方承担一切风险和费用。

This rule has two critical points, because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places. While the contract will always specify a destination port, it might not specify the port of shipment, which is where risk passes to the buyer. If the shipment port is of particular interest to the buyer, the parties are well advised to identify it as precisely as possible in the contract.

此术语有两个关键点，因为风险转移和费用在不同的地方转移。合同中通常会指定目的港，但可能并未指定风险转移至买方的装运港。如果装运港与买方有特定利益，则当事人应尽可能精准地在合同中确定。

The parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible the point at the agreed port of destination, as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller. The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely. If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the specified point at the port of destination, the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties.

当事人应尽可能精准地指定约定目的港中的具体交货地点，因为货物运送至该地点所需费用由卖方负担。建议卖方订立与上述决定适宜的运输合同。除当事人事先另有约定外，如果卖方根据其运输合同负担了有关货物在指定目的港卸载的费用，其无权要求买方偿还相关费用。

The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vessel or to procure goods already so delivered for shipment to the destination.

In addition, the seller is required either to make a contract of carriage or to procure such a contract. The reference to “procure” here caters for multiple sales down a chain (‘string sales’), particularly common in the commodity trades.

卖方必须将货物运到船上或取得已按此送交准备发运的货物。此外，卖方必须订立运输合同或取得这样的合同。这里的“取得”适合于多层次链条式销售（线性销售），在商品销售中尤为普遍。

CFR may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vessel, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a terminal. In such circumstances, the CPT rule should be used.

CFR requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.

CFR不适用于货物在装船之前移交给承运人的情况，比如集装箱内的货物通常在目的地交付。在这种情况下，应使用CPT术语。

在需要办理清关手续时，CFR要求卖方应负责货物的出口清关。然而，卖方并没有义务办理货物进口清关、负担任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。

A THE SELLER’ OBLIGATIONS卖方义务

A1 General obligations of the seller卖方基本义务

The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.

卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业以及按照合同约定必需的有同等作用的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。

A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续

Where applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.

在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须承担风险和费用获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权，办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。

A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance运输合同和保险合同 a) Contract of carriage运输合同

The seller must contract or procure a contract for the carriage of the goods from the agreed point of delivery, if any, at the place of delivery to the named port of destination or, if agreed, any point at that port. The contract of carriage must be made on usual terms at the seller’s expense and provide for carriage by the usual route in a vessel of the type normally used for the transport of the type of goods sold.

卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，自约定交货地点，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合同所指货物类型的海轮运至指定目的港。

b) Contract of insurance 保险合同

The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance.

卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须提供给买方办理保险所需的相关信息。

A4 Delivery 交货

The seller must deliver the goods either by placing them on board the vessel or by procuring the goods so delivered. In either case, the seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or within the agreed period and in the manner customary at the port.

卖方必须将在约定日期或期限内，按照该港习惯方式将货物运至船上或取得已交运的货物。 A5 Transfer of risks风险转移

The seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described in B5.

除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。 A6 Allocation of costs 费用划分 The seller must pay 卖方必须支付：

a) all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as envisaged in B6;

除按照B6规定应由买方支付的费用外，卖方必须支付与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。

b) the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a), including the costs of loading the goods on board and any charges for unloading at the agreed port of discharge that were for the seller’s account under the contract of carriage; and

按照A3 a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括根据运输合同规定由卖方支付的货物装船费和在约定卸货港的卸货费

c) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and the costs for their transport through any country that were for the seller’s account under the contract of carriage.

在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。

A7 Notices to the buyer通知买方

The seller must give the buyer any notice needed in order to allow the buyer to take measures that are normally necessary to enable the buyer to take the goods.

卖方必须给予买方必要的任何通知，以便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。 A8 Delivery document交货凭证

The seller must, at its own expense, provide the buyer without delay with the usual transport document for the agreed port of destination.

卖方必须自担费用及时向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输凭证。

This transport document must cover the contract goods, be dated within the period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer or by notification to the carrier.

When such a transport document is issued in negotiable form and in several originals, a full set of originals must be presented to the buyer.

此运输凭证必须包括合同货物等内容，其日期应在约定的装运期限内，并能让买方在指定目的港从承运人处提货。除非另有约定，此凭证还应能让买方在运输中通过将此凭证转让给另一买主或通知承运人以销售货物。在运输凭证以可流通的方式发行并存在多个正本时，所有正本必须全部交付买方。

A9 Checking –packaging –marking查对、包装、标记 The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipment inspection mandated by the authority of the country of export. The seller must, at its own expense, package the goods, unless it is usual for the particular trade to transport the type of goods sold unpackaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their transport, unless the buyer has notified the seller of specific packaging requirements before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.

卖方必须支付按照A4规定为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用（如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）以及出口国有关当局在装运前强制检验的费用。卖方必须自付费用包装货物，除非按照相关行业惯例，所售类型的货物通常无需包装发运。卖方应该按照有关货物运输所要求的方式包装货物，除非买方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装要求。包装应作适当标记。

A10 Assistance with information and related costs信息协助及相关费用

The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or for their transport to the final destination. The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges incurred by the buyer in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in B10.

应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切及时的协助，以帮助其取得包括买方为进口货物和/或为使货物运输到最终目的地所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。卖方必须偿付买方按照B10规定在卖方获得相关凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。

B THE BUYER’ OBLIGATIONS 买方义务

B1 General obligations of the buyer 买方基本义务

The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. 买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。

Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary.

以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。 B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续

Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country.

在需要办理清关手续时，由买方自担风险和费用获得任何进口许可或其他官方授权，并负责办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。

B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 运输合同和保险合同 a) Contract of carriage运输合同

The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of carriage. 买方没有义务为卖方订立运输合同。 b) Contract of insurance 保险合同

The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance. However, the buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for obtaining insurance.

买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。但应卖方要求，买方必须提供给卖方办理保险的必要信息。 B4 Taking delivery 受领货物

The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named port of destination.

买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物并在指定目的港从承运人处收受货物。 B5 Transfer of risks 风险转移

The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4. If the buyer fails to give notice in accordance with B7, then it bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the

agreed period for shipment, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods.

买方必须承担按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。如买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限。

B6 Allocation of costs费用划分

The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay 除A3 a）规定外，买方必须支付： a) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 c);

自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用。以及在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口所需办理海关手续的费用和按照A6 c)规定在货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。

b) all costs and charges relating to the goods while in transit until their arrival at the port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller’s account under the contract of carriage;

货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付

c) unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and charges were for the seller’s account under the contract of carriage;

包括驳船费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非根据运输合同应由卖方支付

d) any additional costs incurred if it fails to give notice in accordance with B7, from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for shipment, provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods; and

如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限

e) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their transport through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of carriage.

在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用及办理海关手续的费用，以及从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。

B7 Notices to the seller 通知卖方

The buyer must, whenever it is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods and/or the point of receiving the goods within the named port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.

一旦买方有权决定货物装运时间和/或指定目的港内接收货物的具体地点时，必须给予卖方充分通知。 B8 Proof of delivery 交货证明 The buyer must accept the transport document provided as envisaged in A8 if it is in conformity with the contract.

买方必须接受卖方按照A8规定所提供的符合合同规定的运输凭证 B9 Inspection of goods货物检验

The buyer must pay the costs of any mandatory pre-shipment inspection, except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.

买方必须支付任何装运前强制检验的费用，包括出口国有关当局强制进行的检验。 B10 Assistance with information and related costs 信息协助及相关费用 The buyer must, in a timely manner, advise the seller of any security information requirements so that the seller may comply with A10.

The buyer must reimburse the seller for all costs and charges incurred by the seller in providing or rendering assistance in obtaining documents and information as envisaged in A10.

The buyer must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the seller, at the seller’s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the seller needs for the transport and export of the goods and for their transport through any country.

买方必须及时通知卖方以便其按照A10规定提供任何必要的安全信息。

买方必须偿付卖方按照A10规定在买方获得相关凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。

应卖方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办理清关手续时，买方必须给予卖方一切及时的协助，以帮助其取得包括卖方为货物运输和出口和必要时从他国过境所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。

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