专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷62(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷62 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSION

PART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the world. About three million people visit it each year. Its great natural beauty has made it one of the most popular national parks. Most visitors like to see “Old Faithful,” the world’s most famous geyser. A geyser shoots hot water high into the air. There are more than three hundred geysers in Yellowstone. Old Faithful is not the biggest or the most beautiful geyser. But it is the most popular. Visitors gather around Old Faithful before each eruption. Experts at the park are able to predict when these will happen. The average time between eruptions is about ninety minutes. Old Faithful shoots water an average of forty meters into the air. This eruption lasts between two and five minutes. Old Faithful releases up to about thirty thousand liters of water into the air each time. The hot spot deep under the ground produces geysers like Old Faithful. Old Faithful is evidence of the volcanic activity at Yellowstone. But will the Yellowstone volcano erupt again? Most experts think the answer is yes. But no one knows when. The most recent of the three extremely powerful eruptions was about six hundred fifty thousand years ago. Experts say at least thirty smaller volcanic eruptions have taken place at Yellowstone. Some of these were perhaps as big as the nineteen ninety-one eruption at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. Several are believed to have been much larger. The most recent of these smaller eruptions took place about seventy thousand years ago. Volcano experts say it is extremely difficult to tell when Yellowstone might become an active volcano again. However, earthquakes near a volcano are usually good evidence that a volcano might become active again. For example, Mount Saint Helens in the northwestern state of Washington exploded in nineteen eighty. Several earthquakes took place near the volcano before that time. On the morning that it exploded, Mount Saint Helens experienced an earthquake of five point one on the Richter scale. Yellowstone National Park experiences several thousand earthquakes each year. Most are very small. They cannot be felt. They can only be measured by scientific instruments. However, in August of nineteen fifty-nine, an earthquake at Yellowstone measured seven point five on the Richter scale. Twenty-eight people were killed. It was one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded in the United States. But Yellowstone’s sleeping giant volcano did not erupt. In two thousand one, the United States Geological Survey, Yellowstone National Park and the University of Utah signed an agreement. That agreement established the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. Under the agreement, the park, the Geological

Survey and the university are responsible for improving efforts to study the volcanic system of Yellowstone. The observatory uses information from many different instruments on the ground and from satellites to study the volcano. The information will help officials decide if Yellowstone’s huge volcano is becoming a danger. Then they could warn the public quickly if necessary. Experts at the observatory say Yellowstone represents some danger to the public. It always has. However, its natural beauty also makes it a treasure that could not be possible without the sleeping giant volcano that is under Yellowstone National Park.

1． The Old Faithful shows that the volcanic activity at Yellowstone is A．constant. B．perilous. C．inactive. D．unstable.

正确答案：A

解析：根据题干中专有名词Old Faithful定位到前三段。本题实际上考查哪个选项符合原文对Old Faithful的描述。第3段提到Old Faithful的喷发时间很稳定，可以预测，因此应选A。而题干中的the volcanicactivity at Yellowstone属于强干扰内容，如果只考虑到“火山活动”，很可能会误选其他选项。 知识模块：阅读

2． What is true about the volcanic eruption in Yellowstone?

A．Experts predict that volcanic eruption is unlikely to happen recently. B．There are at least 30 small volcanic eruptions every year.

C．The volcanic eruptions can be compared to that at Mount Pinatubo. D．There have been three extremely powerful volcanic eruptions so far.

正确答案：D

解析：根据题干中的volcanic eruption in Yellowstone定位到第4至6段。从第4段最后一句可推断D的说法正确。最具干扰性的是C，将其与第5段第2句相比，可发现原文该句开头的Some of these是指“一些较小规模的火山喷发”，这与C的主语The volcanic eruptions所指范围显然不同。 知识模块：阅读

3． What do the experts find out about the volcano at Yellowstone? A．Its eruption is closely related to the earthquakes nearby.

B．The stronger an earthquake nearby is, the more possibly it erupts.

C．Earthquakes nearby are useless in regard to the prediction of its eruption. D．Its eruption has nothing to do with the earthquakes nearby.

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查volcano与earthquake的关系，定位到第6至8段。第7段最后一句和第8段表明黄石公园的火山是否爆发与地震没有关系。虽然第6段第

2句表明地震和火山密切相关，但要注意本题询问的只是“黄石国家公园的火山”。 知识模块：阅读

4． Which of the following question has been illustrated in the passage? A．Why is the Old Faithful the most popular geyser? B．How is the formation of geysers related to volcanoes? C．What makes Yellowstone a national treasure?

D．What causes Mount Saint Helens to erupt in 1980?

正确答案：B 解析：本题实际上为主旨大意题。本文开始介绍了黄石国家公园最著名的间歇泉The Old Faithful，然后以此引出“火山”这个话题，这个话题一直延续到文章末尾，根据对文章结构几个部分内容的分析可确定本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读

5． Experts at the observatory are most concerned about A．when the next earthquake happens. B．when the volcano becomes active. C．if the volcano threatens the public. D．if the volcano will erupt before long.

正确答案：D

解析：根据题干中的experts和observatory定位到最后三段。第3段第3句和倒数第2段最后两句表明专家担忧的是黄石国家公园的火山什么时候会再爆发，故应选D。换个角度想，本题的干扰项应该是专家们已经知道的事，根据第4段可推断专家们已知黄石国家公园是一座巨大的活火山，因此B不能选；最后一段开头两句表明C也是无需再作解答的问题。 知识模块：阅读

The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana. That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off the user’s IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled the fleeting phenomenon of enhanced stupidity as “infomania”. Research on sleep deprivation suggests that the IQ drop caused by electronic obsession is also equivalent to a wakeful night. Infomania is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men, the study commissioned by Hewlett Packard, the technology company, has concluded. The noticeable drop in IQ is attributed to the constant distraction of “always on” technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. The brain also finds it hard to cope with juggling lots of tasks at once, reducing its overall effectiveness, the report added. And while modern

technology can have huge benefits, excessive use can be damaging not only to a person’s mind, but to their social life. Eighty volunteers took part in clinical trials on IQ deterioration and 1,100 adults were interviewed. More than six in ten(62 per cent)of people polled admit that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately to an email and one in five(21 per cent)will interrupt a meeting to do so. Furthermore, infomania is having a negative effect on work colleagues, increasing stress and dissenting feelings. Nine out of ten polled thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude. Yet one in three Britons believes that it is not only acceptable, but actually diligent and efficient to do so.

6． According to the passage, “infomania” tends to A．be caused by a decline in intelligence. B．leave a permanent influence on one’s IQ. C．be caused by electronic obsession. D．result in one’s sleep deprivation.

正确答案：C

解析：根据题干中的infomania定位到第2段。对比第2段和第3段中可知infomania与the IQ drop同义，第3段the IQ drop后的定语caused by electronic obsession表明infomania就是由electronic obsession引起的，因此，C正确。infomania和A中的a decline in intelligence为相同的概念，两者不可能构成因果关系；B中的permanent一词缺乏原文依据；根据原文，D提到的sleep deprivation与infomanian同样为导致智力下降的原因，而它们之间的因果关系也缺乏原文依据。 知识模块：阅读

7． To initiate the study, Hewlett Packard’s research is most probably about A．the relevance between one’s IQ and his use of technology. B．the influence of technology on one’s decline in intelligence.

C．the different damage to our brain done by technology and unhealthy habits. D．the relationship between one’s intelligence and his working effectiveness.

正确答案：A

解析：根据题干中的Hewlett Packard定位到第4段。要正确回答本题，就要先正确理解问题。问题中的to initiate the study应理解为：Hewlett Packard最开始要研究的主题是什么?总结前四段可知HewlettPackard公司的研究“结果”可用B来表述，这应该是在研究“科技”与“IQ”之间的关系时得出的结论。在开始研究的时候，Hewlett Packard并不知道科技会导致IQ下降。可见，在A和B之间，A为研究主题，为本题答案，而B是经过研究主题后所得的结论，不符合题意。 知识模块：阅读

8． Infomania employees are more ready to react to technology than the tasks in

hand because

A．the tasks can’t be done without technology. B．technology is conveniently available. C．the tasks are technologically diverse.

D．technology can help lessen work pressure.

正确答案：B

解析：根据题干中的employees定位到第5段。B中的conveniently available与第5段第1句中的alwayson为同义改写；其他选项虽然在现实生活中都可能为真，但在本文中均未提及。 知识模块：阅读

9． By saying that the infomania people “scrutinized work-related” emails on holiday, the author intends to illustrate

A．how infomania affects our working effectiveness. B．how infomania affects our attitude towards relaxation. C．how infomania damages our brain. D．how infomania damages our social life.

正确答案：D

解析：根据题干中的scrutinized work-related定位到第7段第2句。本题关键词所在的第7段整段都是为了说明第6段末尾的观点：科技影响我们的social life，故正确答案应为D。 知识模块：阅读

10． This passage reveals ______ disadvantages of overuse of technology. A．two B．three C．four D．five

正确答案：B 解析：要回答本题，就要分析全文结构。第6段最后一句的not only…but．．．表明到那里为止，已讲到了过度使用科技对我们产生的两点负面影响，最后一段开头的Furthermore表明这一段是第三点负面影响，加起来，可见共有三点disadvantages，故本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读

Moderate drinking reduces stroke risk, study confirms. Similar to the way a drink or two a day protects against heart attacks, moderate alcohol consumption wards off strokes, a new study found. The study also found that the type of alcohol consumed—beer, wine or liquor— was unimportant. Any of them, or a combination, was protective, researchers reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association recently. “No study has shown benefit in recommending alcohol consumption to those who do not drink”, cautioned the authors, led by Dr. Ralph L. Sacco of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. But the new data support the guidelines of the National Stroke Association, which say

moderate drinkers may protect themselves from strokes by continuing to consume alcohol, the authors said. The protective effect of moderate drinking against heart attacks is well established, but the data has been conflicting about alcohol and strokes, the authors said. The new study helps settle the question and is the first to find blacks and Hispanics benefit as well as whites, according to the authors. Further research is needed among other groups, such as Asians, whose past studies suggest they may get no stroke protection from alcohol or may even be put at great risk. Among groups where the protective effect exists, its mechanism appears to differ from the protective effect against heart attacks, which occurs through boosts in levels of so-called “good” cholesterol, the authors said. They speculated alcohol may protect against stroke by acting on some other blood trait, such as the tendency of blood platelets to accumulate, which is key in forming the blood clots that can cause strokes. The researchers studied 677 New York residents who lived in the northern part of Manhattan and had strokes between July 1, 1993 and July 1, 1997. After taking into account differences in other factors that could affect stroke risk, such as high blood pressure, the researchers estimated that subjects who consumed up to two alcoholic drinks daily were only half as likely to have suffered clot-type strokes as nondrinkers. Clot-type strokes account for 80 percent of all strokes, a leading cause of US deaths and disability. Stroke risk increased with heavier drinking. At seven drinks per day, risk was almost triple that of moderate drinkers.

11． The principle of protecting oneself from strokes by consuming alcohol reasonably cannot be applied to

A．heavy drinkers. B．light drinkers. C．mild drinkers. D．non-drinkers.

正确答案：D

解析：答案依据在第2段第3句。第1段和第2段表明喝酒的人应有节制，但不喝酒的人也无需开始喝酒，可见，“喝酒要有节制”这个原则只适用于有喝酒习惯的人身上(不管他们喝酒的习惯如何，不管他们是heavy drinkers，还是mild drinkers)，相反来说，这个原则与从来不喝酒的人无关，据此，本题应选D。 知识模块：阅读

12． What did researchers find about the relationship between strokes and alcohol consumption before the new study?

A．They agreed that alcohol consumption could cause strokes. B．They could not find any data to support the relationship. C．What they found was totally opposite to the new study. D．Their findings were not consistent with one another’s.

正确答案：D

解析：题干中的before the new study提示要查找“以前”的研究发现。原文提到“以前”的研究的细节不多，第3段第1句就是其中一个。首先，该句中的well established暗示这一句与旧的研究有关，然后根据该句中的conflicting和D中的not consistent为近义词这一点判断D为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读

13． How does moderate alcohol consumption most probably protect us from strokes?

A．By enhancing the level of the good cholesterol.

B．By reducing the possibility of the blood platelets to deposit. C．By reducing the number of blood platelets and blood clots. D．By enhancing the quality of overall blood traits.

正确答案：B 解析：第4段第1句有mechanism一词，表明本段可能讲述适度酒精能防止中风的机制。该段最后一句表明如果blood platelets会沉淀堆积，然后形成blood clots，最终导致stroke，由这一连串的因果关系可推断：要想防止中风，就要防止blood platelets的沉淀堆积，可见，本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读

14． According to the last paragraph, ______ are the least likely to suffer clot-type strokes.

A．people who have two alcoholic drinks daily B．people who don’t have any alcoholic drinks

C．people who have more than two alcoholic drinks daily D．people who have less than seven alcoholic drinks daily

正确答案：A

解析：最后一段第2句表明本题应选A，并可同时排除C。根据最后两句可排除B和D。 知识模块：阅读

When Scrooge awoke it was so dark, that, looking out of bed, he could scarcely distinguish the transparent window from the opaque walls of his chamber. He was endeavouring to pierce the darkness with his ferret eyes, when the chimes of a neighbouring church struck the four quarters. So he listened for the hour. To his great astonishment, the heavy bell went on from six to seven, and from seven to eight, and regularly up to twelve; then stopped. Twelve! It was past two when he went to bed. The clock was wrong. An icicle must have got into the works. Twelve! He touched the spring of his repeater, to correct this most preposterous clock. Its rapid little pulse beat twelve, and stopped. “Why, it isn’t possible,” said Scrooge, “that I can have slept through a whole day and far into another night. It isn’t possible that anything has happened to the sun, and this is twelve at noon! “ The idea being an alarming one, he scrambled out of bed, and groped his way to the window. He was obliged to rub the frost off with the sleeve of his dressing-gown before he could see anything; and could see very little then. All he could make out was, that it was still very foggy and extremely cold, and that there was no noise of people running to and

fro, and making a great stir, as there unquestionably would have been if night had beaten off bright day, and taken possession of the world. This was a great relief, because “Three days after sight of this First of Exchange pay to Mr. Ebenezer Scrooge or his order,” and so forth, would have become a mere United States security if there were no days to count by. Scrooge went to bed again, and thought, and thought, and thought it over and over, and could make nothing of it. The more he thought, the more perplexed he was; and, the more he endeavoured not to think, the more he thought. Marley’s Ghost bothered him exceedingly. Every time he resolved within himself, after mature enquiry, that it was all a dream, his mind flew back again, like a strong spring released, to its first position, and presented the same problem to be worked all through, “Was it a dream or not?” Scrooge lay in this state until the chime had gone three-quarters more, when he remembered, on a sudden, that the Ghost had warned him of a visitation when the bell tolled one. He resolved to lie awake until the hour was passed; and, considering that he could no more go to sleep than go to heaven, this was, perhaps, the wisest resolution in his power. The quarter was so long, that he was more than once convinced he must have sunk into a doze unconsciously, and missed the clock. At length it broke upon his listening ear. “Ding, dong! “ “A quarter past,” said Scrooge, counting. “Ding, dong! “ “Half past,” said Scrooge. “Ding, dong! “ “A quarter to it,” said Scrooge. “Ding, dong! “ “The hour itself,” said Scrooge triumphantly, “and nothing else! “ He spoke before the hour bell sounded, which it now did with a deep, dull, hollow, melancholy ONE. Light flashed up in the room upon the instant, and the curtains of his bed were drawn.

15． When Scrooge woke up, he found that it was A．six o’clock in the morning. B．six o’clock in the evening. C．twelve o’clock at midnight. D．twelve o’clock at noon.

正确答案：D

解析：第1段最后一句表明Scrooge醒来后，听着教堂的钟声，想听听看是几点了，第2段表明他听到钟声一直到第十二下才停了下来，这表明当时是12点了，据此可先将A和B排除；第3段最后一句(真实语气句)表明那是中午12点，而且第4段第3句中的if night had beaten off bright day这一虚拟语气句表明事实应与句中的假设相反，因此，当时不是半夜，而是白天，综合来看，可确定当时应为中午12点。 知识模块：阅读

16． It was most alarming to Scrooge that A．he had slept for a whole day. B．there was an icicle in the clock. C．he might never see the sun again. D．it was noon but it was dark outside.

正确答案：D 解析：根据题干中的alarming一词可定位到第4段第1句。该句中的the idea应该是指上一段最后一句的那个想法，D与此句内容最为相近。如确定了Scrooge醒来时是中午12点，他只是从半夜睡到中午12点，A的说法就不正确了；关于icicle一词，可在第2段末尾找到，该句中的must have been表明这是一个假设，并不是钟里面真的有icicle，可见B不对；C中的never．．．again缺乏原文依据。 知识模块：阅读

17． Finding it was quiet outside, Scrooge felt A．distressed. B．reassured. C．curious. D．cautious.

正确答案：B

解析：本题答案在第4段第3、4句。该段第3句提到Scrooge发现街上仍然很平静，第4句开头的Thiswas a great relief表明他对此感到安心了，故本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读

18． Marley’s Ghost kept Scrooge thinking that A．what he saw was nothing but a dream. B．all that happened was more than a dream. C．spring would come soon. D．spring would never come.

正确答案：B

解析：根据题干中的Marley’s Ghost定位到第6段。该段最后一句Was it a dream or not?表明Scrooge总在想所遇到的一切是否只是梦，这也意味着他觉得那一切不只是梦，因此，在A和B之间，B更贴近Scrooge的想法。 知识模块：阅读

19． At a quarter to one, Scrooge made a decision to A．lie awake. B．go to sleep. C．go to heaven. D．regain his power.

正确答案：A

解析：根据题干中的a quarter to one定位到第7段。该段第2句开头的He resolved to与本题中的he made a decision to为近义改写，显然，A就是原文resolved to后的内容，故A为答案。 知识模块：阅读

20． The capitalized ONE in the last paragraph most probably refers to

A．one ghost. B．one sound. C．one o’clock. D．one feeling.

正确答案：C

解析：从全文开始到最后一段，讲的都是Scrooge等待“一点钟”的来临，最后一段第1句表明Scrooge终于听到表示“一点钟”的“钟声”了，“钟点”是本文的重点，而“声音”只是用来显示“钟点”的，因此，在B和C之间，应选C。

知识模块：阅读